Worms - scientifically "helminths" - parasites in the human body. There are 200 known types of human parasites. They have their own structure, symptoms, method of penetration into the body. Parasites are divided into bio, geo, contact helminths.
Source classification:
- Biohelminths. They represent parasites that change "hosts". From insects, mollusks, bulls and humans. Representatives: tapeworms - bovine, porcine, echinococcus.
- Soil-transmitted helminths. Combine worms with a single "host". Roundworms, whipworms, nekator - the most famous worms.
- Contact helminths. The difference between contact helminths in the ease of infection by using items for the patient. Pinworms are a bright representative, a common type of helminth.
Common types of helminths in humans
Treatment of helminthiasis involves knowledge of the types of human worms. The color of the worms is from white to reddish, brown. There are transparent worms, difficult to diagnose.
Round worms
Roundworms are a type of worm with a round cross section, similar to earthworms. Representatives:
- Roundworms are a parasitic worm that lives in the small intestine and reaches a length of 40 cm. The half-life of roundworms is 1 year. Worms go through a long developmental path, starting with the intestines, lungs, developing an egg into a larva in the soil, and again entering the intestine. Roundworms are found in humans and animals. A person is not infected with roundworms from animals.
- Pinworms are the simplest white parasites, 0. 3-1. 2 cm in size, they become infected by shaking hands, underwear, inhaling dust, and roundworm eggs. The life of pinworms is short - a maximum of 2 months. Pinworms usually appear in children.
- Trichinella is a 0. 4 cm long parasite whose source of infestation is raw pork meat infected with larvae. Treating trichinosis is a difficult task. A person can only partially get rid of worms. The reason is the peculiarity of his life. Trichinella adults mate in the intestines and die. Eggs from the intestines enter the muscles, where they are located and can parasitize for years.
- Vlasoglava is a representative of roundworms, 3 cm long, that inhabit the large intestine. Helminths adhere to the intestinal wall, suck blood. The lifespan of a whipworm is 5 years.
You had
The tape parasites have acquired the name due to the peculiarities of the body structure, which looks like a tape. The flatworm can grow up to 20 m in size.
- The bovine tapeworm is a large worm 10 m long, the causes of infection are insufficient roasting of beef. If there is a tapeworm egg in the meat, an infection will occur.
- The pork tapeworm is similar to the bovine tapeworm, only 5 times shorter. The source of infection is pork.
- Broad tapeworm: an adult helminth reaches a length of 15 m. You can become infected with tapeworms from fish that live in freshwater springs.
- Echinococcus is called the most dangerous. The ability to penetrate the liver causes echinococcal cysts. Carriers of adult dogs, cats. Length - 4 cm. The invasion occurs by means of dirty door handles, toilet seats.
Pacifiers
The group got its name from the way it parasitizes on humans.
- The Siberian trematode is on average 1 cm long and ingestion is caused by the consumption of unsalted and thermally unprocessed fish. Parasite in the human gallbladder.
- Fasciola parasitizes in the gallbladder, has a length of up to 7 cm, the route of infection is raw water.
Parasite infestation methods
People who do not take care of their hygiene and cleanliness at home can get helminthiasis. "Cleanliness" falls under the blow, convulsively to wash hands after the street, to fry meat well. Depending on the type of helminth, infection occurs in different ways.
- Oral-fecal: helminth eggs enter through the mouth.
- Contact: the method is common when infected with pinworms. Helminths lay eggs in the anus, causing itching, brushing inseminates the hands. With unwashed hands, the infected person transfers the eggs to objects, door handles, etc.
- Through the water. Raw water is the place where the larvae of helminths (fasciola) live, which are dangerous to health.
- Through the soil, the sand, the soil becomes infected with helminth eggs. It is worth checking the length of the nails, if you have to dig in the ground, wash your hands thoroughly. Eggs can be ingested through unwashed food.
You can become infected through insect bites, a fairly rare case.
Symptoms of helminthiasis.
The first symptoms appear when helminthiasis reaches its peak. Symptoms appear depending on the type of worm.
A sharp decrease in weight, a haggard appearance, body aches, pale skin and itchy anus are unmistakable signs of invasion.
Gastric tract disorders: vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, diarrhea and flatulence, abdominal pain near the navel, a sign of the presence of helminths located in the intestines.
The manifestation of rashes, brittle nails and hair is indirect, but it is an indicator of infection. With worms in the body of an adult, a child, poisoning occurs from the waste of worms. The body routinely perceives human proteins as allergens, causing skin rashes. Diseases such as allergic rhinitis or urticaria, bronchial asthma are a helminthic symptom.
A persistent headache is a symptom of worms. In cases where it is impossible to establish a diagnosis, the cause of headaches, painkillers do not help.
A decrease in immunity, an immune response indicates a clear weakening of the body that appears with helminthiasis. Stomatitis, sinusitis, sinusitis, vaginosis - they make you think about preventing helminths. All kinds of diseases can take over the human body.
The presence of worms is indicated by diseases that are incurable for a long time. An organ defeated by worms does not respond to treatment.
Diagnosis of helminthic invasion
Diagnosis, treatment - this should be entrusted to professionals. An infectious disease doctor who diagnoses helminthiasis will be able to draw correct conclusions. Infectionists will be able to understand and determine the cause of the disease, the location, and prescribe treatment.
Parasites live in the intestines, organs, and tissues. Diagnostics of a separate area will not help to recreate the image. Depending on the organ or tissue affected, the purpose of the treatment depends.
For a complete diagnosis, it is worth conducting a complete examination of the body: X-rays, stool analysis, urine, sputum from the lungs, scraping from the anus, scraping from the navel, vagina (for girls), blood.
With X-rays, they see a possible movement of worms in the lungs: ascaris. In the blood, a large number of eosinophils indicates the presence of helminths. Analysis of the stool is checked for the presence of worm eggs. It is easy to prescribe a treatment for worms. Sputum is taken to verify the presence of roundworm larvae, etc.
If there is an incident such that helminths have appeared, it is worth starting therapy immediately.
Treatment
After a full diagnosis, in the presence of helminths, a treatment is prescribed - medication, folk or complex. It is real to cure worms. They don't heal for long, but it all depends on the severity of the invasion.
Pharmacy preparations
Medication is a more effective solution for helminths. After the treatment of helminthiasis, the appearance of worms in people is reduced with the condition of personal hygiene.
Chemotherapy drugs are used to kill parasites from the body. Here they are the most appropriate. They are dedicated to influencing the biostructure, the bioprocesses of the parasite. By interrupting work and paralyzing the worms, the tablets cope with the task, and the worms are excreted from the body in the feces.
The doctor prescribes the dose, the time interval and the medication. In this case, the worm disease will be eliminated.
Popular ways
Nature is varied, there are many ways to heal. The fight against worms has long roots. Traditional medicine is suitable for those who have some kind of contraindications, allergic reactions to drugs.
The main set of herbs, anthelmintic products: walnuts, pumpkin seeds, garlic, wormwood, tansy.
The wormwood plant will help if worms appear. Wormwood tincture is effective for tapeworms, roundworms. Pumpkin seeds, garlic are eaten simply, without further processing. Tansy, like wormwood, is infused and then used. These funds can be used as anthelmintics or as prophylactic agents.
After such treatment, the worms leave the body.
Helminth prevention
If there are no signs of infection, but the probability of its occurrence is terrifying, then it is worth carrying out prevention. The most successful is medication. When it comes to self-help, you can do it without pills.
To carry out prevention, you need to understand where worms start from, how they multiply. Personal hygiene is important, but food should not be forgotten. Eating dried fish or sushi, steak with blood threatens to become infected with tapeworms.
Personal hygiene, keeping the house, pets, families clean, eating only thermally processed foods, washed vegetables, berries, fruits, will save you from worm infestation.